Ton of Notes

Hello,

Today in class, Mr. Schick wasn't here so we took notes from the book, here they are:

- In 44 B.C. Caesar secured the votes to become dictator for life
- On the ides of March (March 15) Caesar was lured into the Senate house unarmed and was killed
- This death only made things worse for the Senate
- New emperors would be on their way to become leaders of Rome
- Mark Antony a commander under Caesar and Caesars grandnephew Octavian fought each other
- They joined forces in order to fight Caesar's assassins, Brutus and Cassius
- They would defeat Cassius and Brutus in Greece
- They forced Senate to say that Julius Caesar was a "Divine Being"
- Marcus Lepidus was also part of the group working with Mark and Octavian
- Lepidus would rule North Africa, Antony in Alexandria, and Octavian in Rome
- Antony's affair with Queen Cleopatra made him unpopular in Rome
- He would try to make conquests on the eastern frontier but failed
- Octavian would push Lepidus out of power in order to gain that territory and push Rome toward the Danube
- Octavian would defeat Antony and Cleopatra's forces in a naval battle off of Greece
- Rome's art, law, philosophy, literature, architecture were based off of the Greeks
- Latin became dominant language
- Augustus/ Octavian refused  the offer or a long-term dictatorship
- He was made commander and chief of the military so he allowed the Senate to supervise Italy and Rome
- He killed many opponents in the Senate and replaced them with friends and allies
- People's assemblies lost their last bit of power
- Greek cities started to worship Augustus
- Shrines of Augustus and Rome began to jump up in the empire
- When he died the Senate declared him a divine human being like Julius Caesar
- It became customary for emperors to be worshipped
- Augustus got the title Father of the Fatherland
- He was one of many Roman wealthy men making their way up the ranks
- Augustus had a combined army of 600,000 men
- By end of his rule all of his soldiers were volunteers
- He created the worlds first professional standing army
- Augustus added Egypt, lands from Italy to Greece to the River Danube, a wide swath of Germany to the east of the Rhine
- He chose a successor so rule could continue
- Augustus settled on Tiberius, Livia's son
- Augustus adopted Tiberius as well
- Augustus died in 14 A.D.
- Nero was the last descendent of Caesar was overthrown
- After a brief civil war, Vespasian was made emperor
- In the second century Marcus Aurelius son was killed and another civil war
- Septimus Severus was made emperor 
- Augustus' government lasted until the trouble times in the third century